Takaitaccen bayani game da fasahar 5G


Fasahar 5G

Da farko kafin mu tsunduma cikin bayanin 5G yanada kyau muyi dan takaitaccen bayani game da ma'anar network.

Network shine cibiyar hadakar na'urori domin basu damar musayar bayanai a tsakanin juna.

Idan akace na'ura ana nufin duk wani kerarren inji mai kwakwalwa wanda ke iya karba umarnin dan adam kuma ya aiwatar da aikin da aka umarceshi.

Ita dai wayar salula ta rataya ne kacokan bisa gadon da aka shimfida don aiwatar da ayyukan sadarwa ta cikin iska wato network wadda shine jigo wanda ya zama tamkar ruhi ko jinin jikin wayar salula wanda idan babu shi to tabbas amfanin wayar salula zai zama takaitacce ne.

Network fasaha ce da aka girka cikin na'ura ko wayar salula don baiwa na'u'rori damar isar da sako ko karban sako daga wata na'ura zuwa wata na’ura.

Wato a takaice network shine titin da aka shimfida don na'urar salula ko na'ura ta sami damar isar da sako ga yar uwarta.

Fasahar network mataki-mataki ne tun daga zango na daya zuwa na biyar wato 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G da kuma zango na karshe a yanzu wato 5G.

Wadannan matakai sune mizanin dake banbance girman ajin kowane daya daga cikin rabe-raben network wanda ke bayyana rata dake tsakaninsu ta fannin bunkasa da karfin aiki.
2G ya dara 1G sauri, kamar yadda 3G ta dara 2G har zuwa fasaha ta karshe kuma ta ban mamaki wato 5G.

5G shine zango mafi girma daga cikin jerin ajujuwan network an sana'anta shi yadda na'urar salalu ko computer zasu rika karban sako ko aika sako cikin sauri daga kowace irin na'urar dake kafar internet.

5G ya kunshi abubuwa kamar haka

  • Saurin shiga internet
  • Ingancin tafiyar gbps na data
  • Saurin sauke abu daga internet
  • inganta tsaron yanar gizo
  • Fadada hanyar sadarwar GPS
  • Inganta aikin na'urar cikin mota
  • Fadada fasahar wifi
  • Inganta aikin na'u'rorin Fasahar IoT
  • Inganta masana'antu da asibitoci
  • Inganta aikin na'u'rori masu hangen nesa a ma'aikatar tsaro

    • Wa ya kirkiro fasahar 5G?

    Babu wani kamfani ko mutum daya tilo da yake da hakkin mallakar fasahar 5G, sai dai akwai kamfanonin sadarwa da dama suna bada gudummawarsu don ganin fasahar 5G ta samu tudun dafawa a cibiyar hadakar na'u'rorin sadarwa (ecosystem).

    Amma kamfanin Qualcomm shine yayi fice ta fannin kirkiro na'u'rori da dabaru iri-iri don fadada fasahar 5G a duniya.

    Yaushe fasahar 5G ta fara samuwa

    5G shine zango na biyar na kimiyyar fasahar ingacin karfin network bisa turken na'u'rorin sadarwar internet. Kamfanonin sadarwa sun fara kirkirar shine a shekarar 2019, wanda ya maye gurbin takwaransa 4G wanda kusan duk wayoyin salula a shekarar 2019 suna kan tsarin zangon 4G ne kafin zuwan 5G. Ana hasashe daga yanzu zuwa shekarar 2025 masu cin gajiyar fashar 5G a duniya adadinsu zai kai 1.7 million a cewar kungiyar GSM Association.

    Tarihi da kuma dalilan da suka sa aka kirkiro fasahar 5G

    A shekarun baya ana amfani da turakun sadarwa, daga baya aka samu ci gaba ake amfani da satellite wajen sadarwa. To a lokacin da ake aiki da turakun sadarwa mutane masu amfani da network sunyi yawa, sai ya zamanto cinkoso yayi wa network yawa, saboda sakonnin kiraye kiraye da sakonnin SMS da MMS, sun yi masa yawa.

    To wannan yasa aka kara kafa wasu sabbin turakun sadarwa to hakan sai ya dan kawo sauki. Ana nan masu amfani da waya yawansu yana habbaka, shi kuma network duk lokacin da adadin masu amfani dashi ya karu karfinsa dada raguwa yake, to wannan dalilin yasa aka kirkiro satellite wadanda zasu taimaka wajen samun sadarwa.

    Da aka fara amfani da satellite a fannin sadarwa sai ya zamanto an samu network mai karfi, kenan generation din network ya canza daga 2G zuwa 3G. To duk lokacin da masu amfani da waya suka karu bukatar network tana karuwa, kuma daman da radio frequency ake amfani wajen sadarwa, Sai ya zamo radio frequency ayyuka sun yi masa yawa, saboda dashi ake amfani wajen sadarwar talabijin, da rediyo, da jirgin sama, da jirgin ruwa, da jirgin ruwan yaki (submarine), da kiran waya da sakonnin SMS da MMS.

    Sai wasu kamfanonin da su ke samar da network kamarsu OneWeb suka kara harba satellite cikin sararin samaniya, wasu kamfanonin kuma suka kirkiro optical fiber cable.

    Optical fiber cable wasu cable ne wadanda aka kera da wasu irin siraran wayoyi da basu kai kaurin gashin mutum ba, kuma suna daukar sakonnin sadarwa ta hanyar hasken da idon dan Adam yake gani wato (visible light).

    A lokacin 3G da radiowaves da microwaves ake amfani wato hasken da idon dan Adam ba ya iya gani. To ana fara amfani da optical fiber cable sai generation na network ya canza daga 3G zuwa 4G.

    Sai dai shi optical fiber bai kai satellite saurin tafiyar da sakonnin sadarwa ba, amma kuma satellite ya fi shi jinkiri. Duk electromagnetic radiation suna tafiyar mita miliyan dari uku duk second daya (300, 000, 000m/s), a cikin iska amma saurinsu yana canzawa idan su ka zo wucewa ta cikin ruwa ko gilashi ko giza-gizai.

    To optical fiber cable da glass aka
    hadasu kuma visible light yana wucewa da saurin mita miliyan dari biyu duk second daya (200, 000, 000m/s) a cikinsu.

    To amma a lokacin aiki radiowaves suna yin jinkirin rabin second domin idan ka tura sako a wayarka zaiyi sama ya shiga cikin iska kafin ya karasa wajen satellite din da ya ke cikin sarari sai ya wuce ta cikin gajimare, ko hadari da sauransu, kuma duk lokacin da electromagnetic radiation ya shiga wani abu kaman ruwa, ko glass, ko gajimare, ko giza-gizai zai wuce saurinsa yana ragewa (refraction), amma yana wucesu saurinsa na asali zai dawo.

    Kuma a haka zai je ya taba wani satellite, sannan satellite din ya juyo da sakon zuwa kasa (reflection), daga nan sakon zai dawo kasa ya sake shiga ta cikin giza-gizan ya dawo kasa zuwa wajen wanda aka aika shi.

    Amma ita optical fiber duk wannan reflection da refraction din yana faruwa a cikinta wanda ake kira total internal reflection. Saboda haka yanzu kaso mafi yawa na sakonnin internet ta optical fiber cable yake tafiya.

    To a takaice idan aka ce 5G ana nufin generation na network na 5, Kuma bawani banbanci a zahirance tsakaninsa da 4G.
    Saboda 4G ne aka fadada ya koma 5G.

     Kamar yadda 4G ya ke amfani da satellite da turken sadarwa da optical fiber, shima 5G haka yake sai dai adadin yawan satellite da optical fiber din 5G yafi na 4G yawa, shi yasa yafi 4G karfi da sauri.

    Kuma ko da yau ne aka samu mutum biliyan sun karu a cikin masu amfani da waya ko network, sai an kara adadin satellite da optical fiber kenan network zai tashi daga 5G zuwa 6G.


    Shin da gaske ne 5G nada illa ga lafiyar jiki?



    Kamar yadda muka sani tun lokacin da sabuwar cutar annobar coronavirus ta bayyana an yi ta samun rade-radin cewa wai cutar tanada alaka da karfin maganadisu na tururin 5G dake fitowa daga wayoyin salalu masu dauke da fasahar 5G. 

    Alal hakika wannan zargi sam ba haka yake ba, masana ilimin kimiyya sun karyata wannan zargi sun ce hasali ma shirme ne alakanta cutar da covid-19. 

    Tashar BBC dake London sun bayyana cewa Babban Daraktan hukumar lafiya ta Ingila, Stephen Powis ya bayyana wannan kutinguilar ta 5G a matsayin "labarin kanzon kurege mafi muni."

    Zargin kullalliya

    Yawancin wadanda ke yada kullalliyar da ke ikirarin cewa 5G - tsarin Intanet mai karfi da wayoyin salula ke amfani da shi- shi ne dalilin cutar coronavirus.

    An fara yada wannan kullalliyar ne a Facebook a karshen watan Janairu, lokacin da aka fara samun bullar cutar a Amurka.

    Zarge-zargen sun kasu rukuni biyu:

  • Wani ya yi ikirarin cewa 5G na karya garkuwar jiki wanda zai kasance hanya mafi sauki da mutane za su kamu da cutar.

  • Dayan kuma ya yi zargin cewa ana iya yada cutar ta hanyar amfani da fasahar 5G.

    • Dukkanin wadannan tunanin "shirme ne," a cewar Dr Simon Clarke, Farfesa a bangaren nazarin kwayoyin halittu a Jami'ar Reading da ke Birtaniya.

    "Tunanin cewa 5G na karya garkuwar jiki bai ma cancanci a yi bincike ba," in ji Dr Clarke.

    "Garkuwar jikinka na iya raguwa daga abubuwa da dama - ta hanyar gajiya wata rana, ko rashin cin abincin da ya dace. Wadannan ba su da girman da zai sa har ka kamu da cututtuka."

    "Duk da yake tururin da waya ke fitarwa mai karfi na iya haifar da zafi, amma 5G ba ya da karfin da zai zama illa ga mutane."

    Tururin da wayar salula ke fitarwa na iya shafar halittar jikinka yayin da zafinsu ya shafe ka, ma'ana garkuwar jikinka ba za ta yi aiki ba. Amma karfin tururin 5G kanana ne kuma ba su da karfin da za su yi illa ga garkuwar jiki. An yi nazari sosai kan wannan."

    Sakon maganadisu da ya shafi 5G da sauran fasahohi da suka shafi wayoyin salula ba su da karfin da za su lalata kwayoyin halitta - sabanin hasken rana wato Sun rays da kuma na hoton gabobi wato x-rays.

    Adam Finn, Farfesa a fannin nazarin lafiyar yara da cuttukan da suka shafe su a Jami'ar Bristol ya kara da cewa abu ne mai wahala 5G ya yada cuta.