Tartsatsin Walkiya

Menene Walkiya da Tsawa?


Da farko dai walkiya itace hasken dake wanzuwa lokacin da hadari ya dauro. ita kuwa tsawa sauti ce ko karan da ake ji mai tsanani bayan walkiya.
Ana kiran tsawa da suna aradu ko araduwa Kamar yadda muka sani.

A wadansu lokutan za'a iya samun walkiya ba tare da tsawa ba ko kuma tsawa ba tare da walkiya ba.

Musabbabin abinda yake haddasa walkiya


Gane musababbin abinda yake jawo walkiya yana bukatar ilimin kwayar halittar lantarki (wanda ake kira electron a Turance). Kamar yadda idan mutum ya hada bakar wayan wuta negative (-ve) da kuma ja, wato positive (+ve), zai ga cewa, wani haske ko tartsatsin wuta ya auku, to haka itama walkiya ke faruwa.


Tartsatsin wutar lantarki

Masana kimiyyar sararin samaniya sun yi ittifaki kan cewa gajimare, wato clouds a Turance, sun kunshi negative charges da kuma positive charges.

A duk lokacin da gajimare da yake dauke da positive (+ve) charge ya hadu da wanda yake dauke da negative (-ve) charge, za'a samu tartsatsi, wato spark wanda shine muke kira walkiya. Kuma a duk lokacin da aka yi walkiya, kwayoyin halittar wutan lantarki wato electrons suna watsuwa a iska.

Shin ko walkiya tanada amfani ga dan Adam


Tsirrai na matukar bukatar walkiya

Hakika Ita dai walkiya tanada matukar amfani ga rayuwar mutum, dabbobi da kuma tsirrai. Amfanin kuwa sune kamar haka:

1. Ko kasan cewa idan an daina walkiya, da mutanen duniyannan sun dade da mutuwa? Bil adam da kuma sauran dabbobi wasu halittu ne da ake kira heterotrophs a Turance.

Sun dogara ne akan tsirrai wajen samun abinci domin suna bukatar abinda ake kira a Turance, body metabolism a jikinsu don rayuwa. Wannan yana nuna cewa idan babu tsirrai, dabbobi da mutane rayuwarsu zai yi wuya, sannan su kuma tsirrai zai yi wuya su rayu babu walkiya.

Yaya butakar walkiya take ga tsirrai?


An fi samun tsawa da walkiya yayinda ake tafka ruwa kamar da bakin kwarya

2. Tsirrai da shukoki suna matukar bukatar walkiya don girma da yin yabanya. In ba walkiya duk tsirrai da shukoki zasu mutu saboda ta hanyar walkiya kawai suke samun sinadaran "nitrates” da kuma “nitrites" wanda idan ba su, ba za su taba tsirowa ba.

Iskar da take duniyannan tana dauke ne da iskar nitrogen, oxygen, carbon4oxide da kuma kadan daga argon dasu kryfton. A duk lokacin da aka yi walkiya, nitrogen dake iska yana haduwa da oxygen ya bada iskar nitrogen4oxide (No2) wanda shi kuma yake narkewa a cikin ruwan sama ya bada HNO2 da kuma HNO3 wanda suke shiga cikin kasa.

Da taimakon kwayoyin halittu kamansu "Rhizobium leguminosarium," Clostridium, da kuma Nostoc, suna maida su zuwa "soil nitrates," su kuma jijiyoyin tsirrai da bishiyoyi sai su dauka don amfani wajen yin abinci.

Masana kimiyyar lantarki suna nan suna bincike akan yadda za su maida "energy" dake cikin walkiya zuwa makamashi, wato lantarki, da za a iya amfani dashi a gidaje da kamfanoni.

Kada ka manta cewa, bayan walkiya, kwayoyin halittar wutan lantarki (electrons) suna watsuwa a iska, ita kanta wutan lantarki da muke amfani da ita a gidajenmu, flow ne na su electrons, wato kamar dai su electrons din ne suke dunkulewa suke tafiya.

 Don haka, binciken yana so ya gano yadda za a tara wadannan electrons din a waje daya su zama makamashi. Idan akayi nasara akan haka, to bisa kiyasi, a walkiya daya za a iya samun makamashi da zai yi amfani ga duk kasashen nahiyar afrika na shekara biyar. 

 Masanan na ganin cewa a nan gaba dole ayi amfani da wannan makamashi saboda shi tsabtatacce ne ba zai jawo wata matsala ga muhallin dan Adam ba. Kuna iya karanta wannan makala don sanin yadda formular wutan lantarki take, ko kuma wannan da ta yi bayanin akan nau’ukan wutan lantarki. 

Abin lura anan


 Wani abin lura kuma dangane da wakiya da tsawa shine, a duk lokacin da aka samu tsawa da walkiya, za'a iya ganin cewa ana riga ganin walkiyan ne kafin a ji sautin tsawar. 

Abinda yasa haka ke faruwa shine, shi haske yana gudun kilomita dubu dari uku ne a kowane second (300000km/s), shi kuma sauti yana tafiyar mita dari uku da talatin ko da arba'in ne a ko wani second (340 or 330 m/s). 
Don haka, idan negative charge da positive charge suka hadu, sai mu fara ganin hasken walkiyar kafin tsawar ta biyo baya. 

Tarihin yadda aka kirkiro lightning conductor


Menene lightning conductor?

Lightning conductor dai wani ginshikin karfe ne ko curin wayoyi, wanda ake kafashi a jikin gini domin baiwa gini kariya daga tsawa da walkiya.
Yadda lightning conductor ke aiki

Advance lightning conductor


 A shekarun da suka gabata a kasashen Turai, a garin su Michael Faraday, wani masanin kimiyya dan kasar Ingila wanda ya bada gudunmawa kwarai wajen fahimta da binciken electromagnetism, Allah ya saukar da bala'in walkiya da tsawa wanda yayi sanadiyyar rushewar gidaje da dama. 

Mutane da malaman addini suka yi hasashen abunda ke jawo haka da cewa "fushin da Allah ya yi ga mutane ne saboda basa kula da dakinsa, wato coci (church). 

A wannan lokacin ne Michael Faraday ya yi bincike akan hakan kuma ya gano cewa ba haka bayanin yake ba, sannan ya yi amfani da kimiyyar lightening conductor da zai iya kare rushewar gidaje idan walkiya da tsawa sun auku. Kana ya baiwa coci-coci shawara da su saka lightning conductor a saman gine-ginensu. 

Wannan bayanin da ya yi har saida ya sa cocinsa suka kore shi. Bayan sun kore shi bai daddara ba, ya je ya sanya lightining conductor a wani gida. 

A lokacin da aka sake yin tsawa sai gashi coci-coci da wasu gine-gine sun rushe, amma wannan gida da ya sa wa lightning conductor bai rushe ba. Wannan yasa mutane da dama abin al’ajabi har wasu suka soma kauracewa zuwa coci.


Michael Faraday (1791-1867) was an English chemist and physicist born in a working class south London neighborhood on September 22, 1791.


Shi dai lightning conductor, kirkirowar masanin kimiyya dan kasar Amurka, Benjamin Franklin, wani karfe ne ko curin waya da ake sawa a saman gidaje kuma a ja shi har cikin kasa a binne shi, yana maganin rushewar gidaje a sanadinyar walkiya da tsawa.

 Kimiyyar da aka yi amfani da ita shine, a duk lokacin da aka yi walkiya, duk electrons din da suka watsu baza su taba ginin ba, zasu wuce ta wannan karfen da aka jona shi ne zuwa kasa. Karfen an yi shine da aluminum ko kuma coper. 

Don sune suka fi daukan wutan lantarki da wuri, duk da cewa silver ya fisu, amma ba a yi amfani dashi ba saboda tsadarsa. 

Saman karfen ana yin shi ne da tsini saboda su electrons sunfi taruwa a wajen. Idan gini na dauke da lightning conductor, zai yi wuya walkiya ko tsawa ya rusa shi. 

 Wannan shine takaitaccen bayani yadda walkiya da tsawa ke faruwa a kimiyyance Allah Shine Masani.

 

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